Determination of Baseline Levels for Prostate Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Following Local Treatment of Prostate Cancer

This study is being done to determine whether levels of prostate cancer derived extracellular vesicles from blood and urine specimens correlate with response to primary local treatment (surgery) in prostate cancer.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the levels of prostate cancer-derived extracellular vesicles pre- and post-RP. II. Determine the correlation between levels of prostate cancer-derived extracellular vesicles and PSA. OUTLINE: This is an observational study. Participants are assigned to 1 of 2 cohorts. COHORT I (RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY): Prostate cancer patients undergo blood and urine sample collection on study. Patients' medical records are also reviewed. COHORT II (NEOADJUVANT): Prostate cancer patients undergo blood and urine sample collection throughout the study. Patients' medical records are also reviewed. COHORT III (NEGATIVE CONTROLS): Female urology clinic patients and female volunteers undergo blood and urine sample collection on study.

Inclusion Criteria: * PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS: * Age 18+ * Able to give informed consent * Patients with prostate cancer * Patients treated with primary prostatectomy * The focus will be on high-risk patients with at least one of either criterion: * PSA \>= 20 ng/ml * AND/OR Gleason \>= 8 * AND/OR clinical stage \>= T3 * FEMALE CONTROL PATIENTS: * Age 18+ * Able to give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS: * Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent * Metastatic prostate cancer - defined evidence of metastatic disease on pre-procedural testing * FEMALE CONTROL PATIENTS: * Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent