Hemodynamic Effects of a Standardized Grape Seed Extract Supplementation

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether a standardized grape seed extract, compared to placebo, can significantly influence systolic blood pressure (SBP) in individuals with high-normal blood pressure (BP) who are adhering to a low-sodium Mediterranean diet. Additionally, the effects of the grape seed extract on diastolic blood pressure (DBP), other hemodynamic parameters, and the Perceived Stress Score will be assessed.

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female subjects aged ≥18 and ≤70 years; * Subjects with high-normal blood pressure levels, defined as SBP 130-139 mmHg and/or DBP 85-89 mmHg (according to ESH criteria); * Subjects with an estimated 10-year CVD risk \<10% (as per the SCORE risk prediction algorithm of the European Society of Cardiology); * Subjects capable of communicating, making themselves understood, and complying with the study requirements; * Subjects who agree to participate in the study and have dated and signed the informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Treatment with direct vasodilator drugs or supplements known to affect blood pressure levels; * Chronic pharmacological treatments for any clinical condition not stabilized for at least 3 months; * Known thyroid, renal, or hepatic dysfunction (including transaminase levels ≥3 times the upper limit of normal \[ULN\]); * Current or past history of alcohol abuse; * Pregnancy or breastfeeding; * Known intolerance or hypersensitivity to the active ingredients of the investigational dietary supplement; * History or clinical evidence of any significant concomitant disease that could compromise subject safety or the ability to complete the study.