Perineural Dextrose Versus Local Anesthetic Injections in Knee Osteoarthritis

This prospective observational study aims to compare the clinical effectiveness of perineural 5% dextrose injections and perineural local anesthetic injections in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Adult patients receiving routine perineural injection therapy will be followed for six months. Pain intensity and functional outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment using validated clinical assessment tools.

Knee osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease associated with chronic pain, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life. Various non-surgical treatment modalities have been used to manage symptoms; however, the effectiveness of these treatments may be limited due to the complex pain mechanisms involved in osteoarthritis. Perineural injection therapy has gained increasing attention as a minimally invasive treatment option targeting neurogenic inflammation around peripheral sensory nerves. Perineural 5% dextrose injection is thought to reduce pain by modulating neurogenic inflammation, while local anesthetic injections are commonly used in clinical practice for symptomatic relief. This study is designed as a prospective observational cohort study conducted in a routine clinical setting. Patients aged 40 to 65 years with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis who are treated with perineural injections as part of standard care will be included. The choice of injectate (perineural 5% dextrose or perineural local anesthetic) will be determined based on clinical considerations and patient preference; no randomization or protocol-driven assignment will be performed. Pain severity will be evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Functional status will be assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Additional clinical parameters, including knee range of motion measured by goniometry and quadriceps muscle strength assessed by manual muscle testing, will also be recorded. Assessments will be performed at baseline, and at 1, 3, and 6 months following treatment. Clinical outcomes of the two treatment groups will be compared to evaluate changes in pain and functional status over time. The findings of this study are expected to contribute real-world evidence regarding the clinical effectiveness of perineural 5% dextrose and local anesthetic injections in the management of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

Inclusion Criteria: * Symptomatic knee osteoarthritis * Clinical/radiological diagnosis * Knee pain ≥ 3 months * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Prior knee surgery * Recent intra-articular injection * Inflammatory rheumatic disease * Severe systemic or neurological disease * Pregnancy or breastfeeding