Serum GFAP, NfL, VEGF and Clinical Progression in Progressive MS

This study aimed to investigate whether the biomarkers GFAP, NfL, and VEGF-recently considered important guides for better understanding the pathophysiology of MS-also serve as indicators of clinical progression in MS.

Inclusion Criteria: * Confirmed diagnosis of MS * Progressive type MS * Voluntary participation * Age between 18-60 years * Cooperative * EDSS score ≥ 5.5 Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of another neurological disorder * Change in medication within the last 3 months * Relapse within the last 3 months