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Active (not recruiting)

Understanding the Psychosocial Needs of Parents Who Have Lost a Child to Cancer

Parents Who Have Lost a Child to Cancer

The purpose of this study is to understand the experiences and needs of parents who have lost a child to cancer. This will aid us in developing an intervention that may help parents cope with their loss.

Начало: 01.08.2009 Край: 02.06.2027 Възраст: от 18 г.

United States Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center NCT00968500

Active (not recruiting) Phase 2

A Prospective Phase II Dose Escalation Study Using IMRT for High Risk N0 M0 Prostate Cancer. ICORG 08-17

Prostate Cancer

This is a prospective, phase II non-randomised controlled clinical study. Dose escalation will be implemented using 1.8 Gy increments from baseline 75.6 Gy. Patients' RT prescription may be escalated up to max 81 Gy once dose volume constraints are adhered to. All patients will be treated using the participating institution's standard rectal preparation protocol, bladder-filling protocol and appropriate immobilisation device(s). Cone beam CT on-treatment imaging is recommended for this study. However, the use of individual institutional imaging equipment and techniques is permitted. Acute GU/GI toxicities will be assessed weekly during treatment. GU/GI toxicities will also be assessed 2 months post RT, 8 months post RT and 6 monthly thereafter to year nine and in line with the participating institution's standard routine follow-up (FU) thereafter. Translational sub-studies (optional), only apply to patients who are consented prior to commencement of hormone therapy at centres participating in the translational sub-study. Patients at centres participating in the translational sub-studies will be given the option of participating in sub-study 1 (Proteomic Analysis), sub-study 2 (Raman spectroscopic analysis), or both (sample collection will not be mandatory).

Начало: 20.07.2009 Край: 01.06.2026 Възраст: от 18 г.

Ireland Cancer Trials Ireland NCT00951535

Active (not recruiting) Phase 2

Methionine PET/CT Studies In Patients With Cancer

Brain Tumors and/or Solid Tumors Including Brain Stem Glioma High Grade CNS Tumors Ependymoma +10

The purpose of this study is to test the usefulness of imaging with radiolabeled methionine in the evaluation of children and young adults with tumor(s). Methionine is a naturally occurring essential amino acid. It is crucial for the formation of proteins. When labeled with carbon-11 (C-11), a radioactive isotope of the naturally occurring carbon-12, the distribution of methionine can be determined noninvasively using a PET (positron emission tomography) camera. C-11 methionine (MET) has been shown valuable in the monitoring of a large number of neoplasms. Since C-11 has a short half life (20 minutes), MET must be produced in a facility very close to its intended use. Thus, it is not widely available and is produced only at select institutions with access to a cyclotron and PET chemistry facility. With the new availability of short lived tracers produced by its PET chemistry unit, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (St. Jude) is one of only a few facilities with the capabilities and interests to evaluate the utility of PET scanning in the detection of tumors, evaluation of response to therapy, and distinction of residual tumor from scar tissue in patients who have completed therapy. The investigators propose to examine the biodistribution of MET in patients with malignant solid neoplasms, with emphasis on central nervous system (CNS) tumors and sarcomas. This project introduces a new diagnostic test for the noninvasive evaluation of neoplasms in pediatric oncology. Although not the primary purpose of this proposal, the investigators anticipate that MET studies will provide useful clinical information for the management of patients with malignant neoplasms.

Начало: 20.07.2009 Край: 27.07.2027

United States St. Jude Children's Research Hospital NCT00840047

Active (not recruiting)

4XL Study - Obesity Surgery in Adolescence

Obesity, Morbid

The purpose of this study on adolescents between 13 and 18 years of age with morbid obesity is to determine whether surgical treatment gives more health benefits than standard conservative treatment, and if laparoscopic gastric bypass is a method with high safety and a low complication rate.

Начало: 01.06.2009 Край: 01.12.2035 Възраст: 13–18 г.

Norway Sykehuset i Vestfold HF NCT00923819

Active (not recruiting)

Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) Follow-Up

Age-Related Macular Degeneration Cataract

This study is a 5-year extension of the AREDS protocol, in which investigators followed the natural course of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts. Participants in the former AREDS protocol are eligible for this study. Participants have a complete eye examination once a year and are contacted at least once a year between visits to check on their status. The eye examination includes measurement of visual acuity (vision chart test) and examination of the inside of the eye after the pupils have been dilated with eye drops. Photographs of the inside of the eye may be taken using a special camera that flashes a bright light in the eye. A blood sample may be obtained to test for cholesterol level and genes related to inflammation....

Начало: 02.06.2008 Възраст: 50–100 г.

United States National Eye Institute (NEI) NCT00594672

Active (not recruiting)

Cognitive Profile of Patients at the Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research

TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) Stroke Fibromyalgia Aging

In the investigator's institute there is ongoing treatment of different patients with cognitive deficits using Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). These patients undergo neuro-cognitive function computerized tests before and after treatment. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the cognitive changes before and after HBOT in different patients populations.

Начало: 01.01.2008 Край: 01.12.2030 Възраст: от 18 г.

Israel Assaf-Harofeh Medical Center NCT04287283

Active (not recruiting)

Improving Outcomes Assessment in Chronic GVHD

Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease

The purpose of this study is to see if recent guidelines proposed by the National Institutes of Health for the diagnosis, staging, and response assessment of people with chronic GVHD can improve our understanding of this complication. We will accomplish our goals by studying a large number of people with chronic GVHD over several years using information collected from health care providers, patients, laboratory studies and diagnostic tests. Several transplant centers in the United States are collaborating on this project.

Начало: 01.09.2007 Край: 01.02.2027 Възраст: от 2 г.

United States Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center NCT00637689

Active (not recruiting) Phase 3

Hormone Therapy With or Without Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Women Who Have Undergone Surgery for Node-Negative Breast Cancer (The TAILORx Trial)

Breast Adenocarcinoma Hormone Receptor Positive Stage IA Breast Cancer AJCC v7 Stage IB Breast Cancer AJCC v7 +3

This randomized phase III trial studies the best individual therapy for women who have node-negative, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer by using a special test (Oncotype DX), and whether hormone therapy alone or hormone therapy together with combination chemotherapy is better for women who have an Oncotype DX recurrence score of 11-25. Estrogen can cause the growth of breast cancer cells. Hormone therapy may fight breast cancer by blocking the use of estrogen by the tumor cells or by lowering the amount of estrogen the body makes. Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving hormone therapy together with more than one chemotherapy drug (combination chemotherapy) has been shown to reduce the chance of breast cancer recurrence, but the benefit of adding chemotherapy to hormone therapy for women with node-negative, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer is small. New tests may provide information about which patients are more likely to benefit from chemotherapy.

Начало: 07.04.2006 Край: 30.09.2030 Възраст: 18–75 г. Treatment

Australia, Canada, Ireland +5 National Cancer Institute (NCI) NCT00310180

Active (not recruiting) Phase 2

Virotherapy and Natural History Study of KHSV-Associated Multricentric Castleman s Disease With Correlates of Disease Activity

Lymphoproliferative Disorder HHV-8 Malignancy HIV

This study will gain information about a rare disorder called KSHV-associated multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). KSHV, a virus, causes several kinds of cancer, including some forms of MCD. KSHV stands for the Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus, also called human herpes virus-8, or HHV-8. Researchers want to understand the biology of KSHV-MCD to identify how this disease causes illness and to find ways to treat it. There is no standard therapy effective for all cases of KSHV-MCD. The disease is often fatal, and about half the people who have it die within 2 years of diagnosis. Participants ages 18 and older may be eligible for this study. Participation entails more drawing of blood and having repeated tumor biopsies than if patients received treatment in a non-research setting. Researchers would like to learn more about the relationship of KSHV and Castleman's disease symptoms, and they want to obtain at least three biopsies in this study. There are some side effects of experimental therapy that participants may take for KSHV-MCD. Zidovudine, or Retrovir(R), is used at a high dose. It is given orally or through a vein, four times daily, for 7 days or longer. Zidovudine can cause nausea, vomiting, decreased bone marrow function, and decreased blood counts. Combined with valganciclovir, or Valcyte(TM), it is likely to be more toxic to bone marrow. Valganciclovir can cause problems with bone marrow function, leading to low blood counts, sterility, and defects in a fetus. Combined with zidovudine, valganciclovir may cause more toxicity to the bone marrow. It is given twice daily for 7 days or longer. Bortezomib, or Velcade(TM), is given for a few seconds by a rapid push through a needle into the vein. It is given twice weekly for four doses and then stopped for 1 week. Bortezomib can sometimes cause low blood pressure; it also can cause gastrointestinal problems and a low blood platelet count. Rituximab and liposomal doxorubicin are drugs given by a catheter into a vein. Interferon-alpha is given by injection into the skin. Those drugs are not experimental, but their use in Castleman's disease is experimental. Some participants may be treated with a combination of chemotherapy followed by interferon-alpha. Interferon-alpha is infected into the skin by a needle. The natural form of interferon is produced by the body and helps to control viral infections. KSHV decreases the effect of the body's interferon, and the researchers want to see if giving higher doses of interferon will help to control KSHV infection. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan, for research purposes only, may be done up to three times a year. A radioactive sugar molecule called fluorodeoxyglucose, or FDG, is used. It is believed that activated lymphocytes that may be found in participants' disease might use more FDG because these cells burn more glucose fuel. This study may or may not have a direct benefit for participants. However, detailed assessments made throughout the study may provide information to help the doctors treat KSHV-MCD better. ...

Начало: 28.10.2004 Край: 01.10.2026 Възраст: от 18 г.

United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) NCT00092222

Active (not recruiting)

Endothelial Dysfunction, Biomarkers, and Lung Function -Ancillary to MESA

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Emphysema Endothelial Dysfunction

The purpose of the MESA Lung Study is to assess the role of endothelial dysfunction and genetic susceptibility to subclinical COPD and emphysema.

Начало: 01.10.2004 Край: 01.01.2027 Възраст: 45–84 г.

Columbia University NCT00843271

Active (not recruiting)

Analysis of Specimens From Individuals With Pulmonary Fibrosis

Pulmonary Fibrosis Healthy Volunteers Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS)

The etiology of pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. Analyses of blood, genomic DNA, and specimens procured by bronchoscopy, lung biopsy, lung transplantation, clinically-indicated extra-pulmonary biopsies, or post-mortem examination from individuals with this disorder may contribute to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis. The purpose of this protocol is to procure and analyze blood, genomic DNA, and specimens by bronchoscopy, lung biopsy, lung transplantation, extra-pulmonary biopsies, or post-mortem examination from subjects with pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, blood, genomic DNA, clinically-indicated extra-pulmonary biopsies, as well as bronchoscopy and post-mortem examination specimens may be procured and analyzed from relatives of subjects with hereditary forms of pulmonary fibrosis; blood, genomic DNA, and bronchoscopy specimens may be procured from healthy research volunteers....

Начало: 09.06.2004 Възраст: 18–115 г.

United States National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) NCT00084305

Active (not recruiting)

Clinical and Genetic Studies of X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis

Retinoschisis

This study will explore the causes and eye problems of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS), an inherited disease that causes vision loss primarily in young males. The vision loss, which worsens over time, is a result of schisis, or splitting, of the layers of the retina (tissue that lines the back of the eye). A better understanding of why and how XLRS develops might lead to improved treatments. Patients 9 months of age and older with XLRS and females who are suspected carriers of the gene responsible for the disease (such as the mother of the patient) may be eligible for this study. Other family members of patients also may be enrolled. Patients will undergo the following tests and procedures: * Personal and family medical history to review past and current medical conditions and treatments, particularly regarding eye disease, and to construct a family tree. * Eye examination to assess visual acuity (eye chart test) and examine pupils, lens, retina, and eye movements. The pupils will be dilated with drops for this examination. * Photography of the retina to help evaluate the status of the retina. * Specialized eye tests to evaluate color vision, field of vision, and ability to see in the dark. * Electroretinogram (ERG) to examine what happens to the eyes after a flash of bright light. For this test, the patient sits in a dark room for 30 minutes with his or her eyes patched. Then, a small silver disk electrode is taped to the forehead, the eye patches are removed, the surface of the eye is numbed with eye drops and contact lenses are placed on the eyes. The patient looks inside a large empty bowl and then a light flashes, first in the dark and then with a light turned on inside the bowl. The contact lenses sense small electrical signals generated by the retina when the light flashes. * Blood test to examine DNA for genetic study of XLRS. Family members will provide a blood sample for genetic study. ...

Начало: 19.05.2003 Възраст: 9–100 г.

United States National Eye Institute (NEI) NCT00055029

Active (not recruiting)

Clinical, Laboratory and Epidemiologic Characterization of Individuals and Families at High Risk of Hematologic Cancer

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Hodgkin Disease NonHodgkin Lymphoma +1

Background: * Individuals may be prone to develop blood or lymph node cancers (leukemia or lymphoma) for a variety of reasons, including genetic predisposition to these cancers, environmental exposures or other medical conditions. * Studies of people and families at high risk of cancer often lead to clues about their cause that may also be important regarding the sporadic occurrence of these cancers in the general population. * Identifying genetic or environmental factors that play a role in the development of these diseases may be important in developing prevention trials, screening programs and treatments. Objectives: * Describe the cancers and other conditions in families with blood or lymph node cancer. * Find and describe genes that may cause blood and lymph node cancer, and understand how they work in families. * Use laboratory methods to try to determine if it is possible to identify who is at highest risk of blood or lymph node cancer. * Test how genes act with other factors to alter the risk of disease, its severity or its manifestations in families. Eligibility: * Individuals of any age with a personal or family history of a blood or lymph node cancer. * Individuals with a personal or family history of medical conditions or environmental exposures that may predispose to blood or lymph node cancer. Design: * Participants complete questionnaires about their personal and family medical history and provide consent for researchers to review their medical records and pathology materials related to their care and those of deceased relatives with blood or lymph node cancer, tumors, or other related illnesses for whom they are the legally authorized representative. * Participants donate a sample of blood or cheek cells, or a lock of hair for genetic studies. * Patients may also be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Center by one or more of the following specialists: cancer doctor or blood specialist, medical geneticist, research nurses or clinical social worker. They may have blood and urine tests and a cheek swab or mouth wash to collect cheek cells. Some patients may also be asked to have x-rays and routine imaging, such as CT scans or ultrasound tests, cell surface markers, skin biopsy, and, with special consents, bone marrow biopsy, MRI or PET scans, apheresis or fluorescein angiography and photography.

Начало: 08.07.2002 Възраст: от 11 г.

United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) NCT00039676

Active (not recruiting)

Natural History Study of Smith-Magenis Syndrome

Smith-Magenis Syndrome (SMS)

This study will examine how a rare disease called Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) affects people and how they change over time. SMS is caused by a small chromosome 17p11.2 deletion (missing piece). The syndrome is associated with distinct physical, developmental and behavioral characteristics, but it is not fully understood. To learn more about this disease, a multidisciplinary research team will study: * The range and type of medical, behavioral, and learning problems of people with SMS * The deletion of chromosome 17p11.2 to find the gene or genes that cause SMS * Whether certain specific genetic changes cause certain specific medical problems * What signs and symptoms must be present to make a diagnosis of SMS * The impact that a child with SMS has on his or her family members. Patients of all ages with SMS may be eligible for this study. They will be evaluated by a team of medical specialists at the NIH Clinical Center over the course of several days. Parents of patients will be asked to provide copies of past medical records and tests results for review. They will provide a family medical history and information on the child s prenatal, developmental, behavioral and medical histories. The study may involve the following evaluations: physical, neurological and psychological exams; ear, nose and throat evaluation; speech, language and swallowing evaluation; hearing test; eye examination; imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, ultrasound, MRI); developmental and behavioral assessment; rehabilitation evaluation with gait (walking) analysis; urinalysis, blood, and/or skin cell studies; sleep study; other consultations as required. A tissue sample (blood or cheek swab or skin biopsy) may be taken for genetic studies. To obtain a cheek swab, a small brush is rubbed against the inside of the cheek to wipe off some cells. For a skin biopsy, a small area of skin is numbed with a local anesthetic and a small circle of skin, usually about 1/8 inch, is removed with a biopsy tool. Parents may be asked to complete questionnaires about their child s growth and development, therapies, medications, sleep, development and behavioral concerns. They also may be asked to bring their child to NIH for follow-up visits every 6 months to 3 years, depending on the child s age. The purpose of these visits is to see how the child changes over time and to conduct additional tests. Parents may also be asked to enroll their child in a SMS Research Registry and provide tissue samples for a SMS Research Core Tissue Bank. The research registry is a confidential database of individuals diagnosed with SMS. Its purpose is to facilitate SMS research initiatives and promote the development of improved treatments for SMS. Enrollment requires completing a 30-minute questionnaire. The tissue bank stores tissue cultures and cell lines created for future SMS research. About 2 teaspoons of blood are drawn from adult patients and 1 to 3 teaspoons from children, depending on their size. Tissue samples can be obtained by skin biopsy or during a scheduled surgical procedure. ...

Начало: 19.03.2001 Възраст: 1–115 г.

United States National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) NCT00013559

Active (not recruiting) Phase 2

Treatment of Hemochromatosis

Hemochromatosis

This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a test called MCV in guiding phlebotomy (blood drawing) therapy in patients with hemochromatosis an inherited disorder that causes too much iron to be absorbed by the intestine. The excess damages body tissues, most severely in the liver, heart, pancreas and joints. Because iron is carried in the hemoglobin of red blood cells, removing blood can effectively lower the body s iron stores. Patients with hemochromatosis undergo weekly phlebotomy treatments (1 pint per session) to deplete iron stores. This usually requires 10 to 50 treatments, after which blood is drawn every 8 to 12 weeks to prevent a re-build up of iron. A test that measures ferritin a protein involved in storing iron is commonly used to guide phlebotomy therapy in hemochromatosis patients. This study will compare the usefulness of the ferritin test with that of MCV, which measures red blood cell size, in guiding phlebotomy therapy. In addition, the study will 1) examine whether keeping iron levels low during maintenance therapy can help heal severe liver disease and improve arthritis in affected patients, and 2) design a system for making blood collected from hemochromatosis donors available for transfusion into other patients. Patients 15 years and older with diagnosed hemochromatosis or very high iron levels suggesting possible hemochromatosis may be eligible for this study. Candidates will have a history, physical evaluation, review of medical records and blood tests, and complete a symptoms questionnaire. Participants will have the following procedures: * Phlebotomy therapy every 1 to 2 weeks, depending on iron levels * Blood sample collection for blood cell counts and iron studies at every phlebotomy session * Blood sample collection (about 2 tablespoons) every 1 to 2 weeks after iron stores have been depleted * Phlebotomy every 8 to 12 weeks after iron stores are used up to prevent re-build up of excess iron With each blood donation that will be made available for transfusion to other patients, participants will answer the same health history screening questions and undergo the same blood tests given to all regular volunteer blood donors. These include screening for the HIV and hepatitis viruses and for syphilis. Patients who meet height and weight requirements may be asked to consider "double red cell" donations using apheresis. In this procedure, whole blood is collected through a needle placed in an arm vein, similar to routine phlebotomy. The blood then circulates through a machine that separates it into its components. The red cells are removed and the rest of the blood is returned to the body, either through the same needle or through a second needle in the other arm. Patients who have very high iron levels or an enlarged liver will be offered evaluation by the NIH Liver Service. Those judged to be at increased risk for cirrhosis may be advised to undergo a liver biopsy. If cirrhosis is found, the patient will be asked to consider a repeat biopsy after 3 to 5 years of continuous iron depletion to see if scarring has improved. Patients with arthritis will be offered evaluation by the NIH Arthritis Service and, depending on symptoms, may be advised to have X-ray studies or a joint biopsy.

Начало: 01.01.2001 Край: 31.12.2026 Възраст: 18–100 г.

United States National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) NCT00007150

Active (not recruiting)

Study of the Genetic and Epigenetic Causes of Recurrent Hydatidiform Moles

Hydatidiform Moles

The researchers' laboratory is studying a rare class of highly recurrent hydatidiform moles. These are usually complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), but sometimes they are partial hydatidiform moles PHM). With sporadic moles, the difference between CHMs and PHMs is that with CHMS, there is not typically an embryo or fetus at the time of diagnosis but with a PHM there may be a fetus. Also, CHMs have 46 chromosomes in each cell. While this is the number of chromosomes that should be found, the problem is that all the chromosomes come from the father. Normally, half the chromosomes should come from the mother and half should come from the father. Unlike CHMs, PHMs have 69 chromosomes. This means that PHMs have three copies of each chromosome when they should only have two. The extra copy comes from the father. The researchers' study focuses on moles that are genetically different from these sporadic moles in that they have 23 chromosomes from the mother and 23 chromosomes from the father - just like a normally developing pregnancy. These are called biparental moles because the mutation that causes the mole comes from both parents. This mutation occurs in a gene called NLRP7. The researchers' team is working to understand how mutations in NLRP7 leads to CHMs and how these mutations may lead to other types of pregnancy loss. The researchers are also trying to discover other genetic and epigenetic factors that may lead to moles.

Начало: 07.11.2000 Край: 01.01.2030

United States Baylor College of Medicine NCT01008501

Active (not recruiting)

Artificial Intelligence as a Decision Making Tool in Emergency Department

Clinical Decision-making Medical Reporting Emergency Department Visit Information Systems +2

This study will evaluate the performance of a large language model (LLM)-based clinical decision support system in the emergency department at Rambam Health Care Campus. The system analyzes structured patient data from the electronic health record and generates diagnostic and treatment recommendations for physicians. The study will assess the system's ability to support diagnostic reasoning, its impact on diagnostic accuracy when used by physicians, and its perceived clinical usefulness. In addition, a retrospective analysis of de-identified patient records will be conducted to compare LLM-generated recommendations with actual clinical outcomes, including diagnosis, disposition decisions, and length of stay. The study will also examine the performance of the system in a multilingual clinical environment where both Hebrew and English are used in medical documentation and communication.

Начало: 01.01.2000 Край: 01.09.2026 Възраст: 18–120 г.

Israel Rambam Health Care Campus NCT06902675

Active (not recruiting)

Evaluation of the Genetics of Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

This study looks to identify genes that may affect a person's chances of developing bipolar disorder (BP) and related conditions....

Начало: 11.08.1994 Възраст: 18–100 г.

United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) NCT00001174

Active (not recruiting)

Agriculture Health Study

Prostate Cancer Pesticide Exposures Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma

The "Agricultural Health Study" (AHS) is a collaborative effort between the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health are providing support for a limited exposure assessment effort. Initial data collection on a prospective cohort of 89,658 study subjects has been completed as of December 1997. Participants completed questionnaires that included items on pesticides used, other agricultural exposures, and work practices that modify exposure as well as on other activities that may affect either exposure or disease risks (e.g., diet, exercise, alcohol consumption, medical conditions, family history of cancer, other occupations and smoking history). Phase II of the study (1998-2003) updated information on occupational exposures, diet, work practices and medical history by means of a computer assisted telephone interview. We also collected buccal cells on sample of 34,000 study participants to assess the effect of inheritable polymorphisms and the interaction of environment and genomic predisposition. The stimulus for this prospective investigation comes from the growing evidence that, despite a low mortality overall, farmers experience an excess of several cancers. These excesses have been observed in retrospective epidemiological studies among agricultural workers in several countries. Excess cancers are observed for the lymphatic and hematopoietic system, connective tissue, skin, brain, prostate, stomach and lips. Several of these tumors (brain, NHL, multiple myeloma, and prostate) are also increasing in the general population in many of these countries. This suggests a common set of exposures may explain the high rates in farmers and rising rates in the general population. Farmers, their families, and other pest control workers may have contact with a variety of potentially hazardous substances including pesticides, solvents, fuels and oils, engine exhaust, dust and zoonotic viruses and other microbes. Our cohort study includes all registered pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina and the spouse of applicators who are farmers. The health effects of pesticide use are the primary focus of the study. The influence of other farm exposures are also being evaluated. The focus of the phase II follow-up period (2004-2008) is to update exposure information and health histories by means of a computer assisted interview and also following the cohort to determine disease incidence and mortality. The cohort is being followed through the cancer registries within Iowa and North Carolina, the Social Security Administration database, state vital statistics offices, National Death Index, and various in-state databases, such as the listing of registered pesticide applicators. Individuals who enrolled into the study but who are no longer at the address given during enrollment (based on subsequent attempts at follow up) have been submitted and will continue to be submitted (through NIOSH) in the standard format to the IRS under their Project 057 Taxpayer Address Request Program. Identifying data provided to the IRS include only SSN and the first four letters of last name of cohort member. IRS provides in return the most current address in IRS records if a match (SSN + all four letter of last name) is found. The purpose of this effort is to identify members of the cohort who have moved out of state, to enable adjustment of person-years for incidence and mortality calculations. Persons who have moved out of state can be followed for vital status and cause of death, but not for cancer incidence. Continuation of the protocol will provide a valuable epidemiologic resource to help prevent cancers in the future by identifying risk factors in the rural/agricultural environment. Because more cases of important cancer outcomes occur in this cohort every year, potential cancer causes can be evaluated with increased statistical power. Larger number of cases also allows for statistical control of confounding factors, making more meaningful conclusions about cancer risk, and, for some relatively infrequent cancers, such as the lyphomas and leukemias, greater follow-up time is necessary to make any meaningful observations.

Начало: 30.04.1993 Възраст: от 18 г.

United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) NCT00352924

Active (not recruiting)

Effectiveness of Zidovudine vs. Zidovudine Plus Alpha Interferon vs. Interferon for Treatment of HIV

HIV

This study will compare the effectiveness of zidovudine (AZT) alone vs. zidovudine plus interferon (IFN) vs. interferon alone in reducing HIV viral load, lessening immune system deterioration, and increasing the time to development of the first opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients. HIV-infected persons 18 years of age and older with a T4 lymphocyte count of 500/mm3 or more and no current opportunistic infections may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, blood tests, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, urinalysis, and, for patients with Kaposi s sarcoma lesions, measurement, photographs, and biopsy of lesions. Patients will be assigned to receive treatment with either zidovudine alone, zidovudine plus interferon or interferon alone. They will continue treatment until one of the following occurs: * Unacceptable side effects, despite dose modifications * Development of an opportunistic infection * Decrease in CD4 count by 20 percent or to an absolute count of less than 200/mm3 * Rapid progression of Kaposi s sarcoma lesions, requiring alternative therapy * A decision is made to terminate the study Patients will be followed long term for viral load, immune function, development of opportunistic infections, disease progression, and survival. ...

Начало: 19.10.1988 Възраст: от 18 г.

United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ( NCT01125228

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